Zaitsev vs Hofmann: How to Predict the Major Alkene

Learn when elimination gives the Zaitsev vs Hofmann alkene. Includes base size, leaving group effects, quaternary ammonium exceptions, and practice problems.

  • Zaitsev default: More substituted alkene usually major (thermodynamic stability).
  • Hofmann triggers: Bulky base (t‑BuO⁻), poor leaving group contexts, quaternary ammonium (Hofmann elimination), steric/geometry constraints.
  • Mechanism context: Applies mainly to E2 (and sometimes E1 under thermodynamic control).
  • Cyclohexanes: Geometry can override substitution (only trans-diaxial β‑H counts).
  • Exam type: Regiochemistry
  • Exam type: Predict the major product
  • Exam type: Choose the mechanism

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